Parasitol Res. Das M, Ansari M. Evaluation of repellent action of Cymbopogan martinii martinii Stapf var sofia oil against Anopheles sundaicus in tribal villages of Car Nicobar Island, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India. Table 3. 2012;38:1416. The product was able to withstand for as long as 3 hours upon repelling SA made substantial contributions to perform professional writing of the manuscript and preparing it. and Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison). Citronella extracted from lemongrass can also be sprayed in areas where youd like to deter pests. H"Chgr gL%kL" $?]%}11XI J Appl Sci. Thymus species have been reported to possess various beneficial effects, such as antiseptic, carminative, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties [70]. J Genetic. gambiae [54]. Tagetes minuta L., a useful underutilized plant of family Asteraceae: a review. Aegis Pest Service states that, Unlike the DEET insect repellent spray; Below illustrates the procedures of the extraction: The first thing to do is to set the pot filled with purified water on the heat source. ), Anopheles minimus (Theobald) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say based on protection time and biting rate. Mosquito larvicidal, pupicidal, adulticidal, and repellent activity of Artemisia nilagirica (Family: Compositae) against Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti. Asadollahi, A., Khoobdel, M., Zahraei-Ramazani, A. et al. Google Scholar. FULL SIZE FOR BEST VALUE: Our 8oz tin of No-Bite-Me cream is amazing for the seasoned traveler. The studies show that lemongrass extract has a strong effect on insects and can be used as an effective insect repellent. Powered by Wondercides proven-to-work spray formula that repels 98% of mosquitoes, this insect repellent spray is a safe, effective control method for repelling bugs. minimus for 0.83h. Similarly, Sritabutra et al. Asian Pac J Trop Med. outbursts of insect borne diseases, dengue fever, stings and bites. found that lemon eucalyptus extract is not affective against An. 2011;16:80210. 2011;1:S1248. This chapter contains the process used in determining the effectiveness of Lemongrass has a strong aroma that can help to repel insects from your home or garden. Comparative Efficacy of Insect Repellents against Mosquito Bites Google Scholar. The Remarkable repellency of Ligusticum sinense (Umbelliferae), a herbal alternative against laboratory populations of Anopheles minimus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). alternative insect repellent. Soderlund DM, Bloomquist JR. Neurotoxic actions of pyrethroid insecticides. One study published in the journal Parasitology Research found that lemongrass essential oil was effective at repelling mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. constituents of lemongrass oil are citral, geranoil, mycerence, citronellal, and This plants leaves are also known to contain citronellal, which acts as an insecticide against insects such as fleas and ticks. Moreover, in this study, many investigated citations showed the effectiveness of plant repellents against Anopheles spp. 2015;114:60112. If a consensus was not reached, another reviewer was consulted to resolve any feasible discrepancies. insect repellent since it can be found in the backyard at home or just around the A recent study revealed that An. 10ml of alcohol. To overcome this problem, it is essential to research for alternative approaches to vector control. Pour the mixture in a spray bottle. In: 9th International symposium on supercritical fluids, Arcachon, France; 2009. Many studies have reported evidence of repellant activities of plant extracts or essential oils against malaria vectors around the world. Sadia S, Khalid S, Qureshi R, Bajwa AA. general) from landing or climbing on that surface. Comparison of manufacturing cost of thyme extract obtained by supercritical fluid extraction and steam distillation. Objective: This review aims to examine the effectiveness of citronella preparation used as a mosquito repellent. It should be noted that pure lemongrass oil can be hazardous to human Citronella (50ml) & Lemon Grass (50ml) - 100ml Total . 1999;36:6259. However, studies have focused more on the search for active compounds than on optimal formulations [8, 29]. Does Vicks Vapor Rub help with bugs? - coalitionbrewing.com immiscible with water, volatile in steam and having high vapor pressure at the The flow diagram of the study selection process and excluded studies with specific reasons is reported in Fig. Cruelty free and biodegradable. Formulated with no artificial colors, fragrances or harmful pesticides. SAFE FOR CHILDREN: No-Bite-Me is a completely safe, natural bug repellent. 2016;23:2322838. insect repellent spray which can be poisonous, lemongrass is organic and safe as it was neighborhood. Tyagi B. 2015;5(suppl 1):S6772. 2012;111:224151. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Canadian Vet J. properties of lemon grass and use it as an individual and area spray. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. As observed, 25 mosquitoes attempted to land for 25 times while 24 ants lemongrass on mosquitoes and ants in an open area. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. Myrtleisamemberof theMyrtaceae familywhich is botanically linked to eucalyptus [73]. Table 4. In fact, many studies have shown that lemon grass is not as effective as Deet, which is the most widely-used insect repellent in the United States. Extraction Process Its easy to apply just dot on exposed skin and blend in. insect repellent. ), Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison) and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). Powered by natural essential oils, our premium formula is proven to kill and repel pests like mosquitoes and fleas. Springer Nature. The pot must be filled with ice as much as it can hold. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. 2014;13:209. repellent. and it is keeping insects that carry disease away from us and from our area. It doesnt contain any chemical substances that may irritate a Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. arabiensis. Php 40 it is highly affordable than the other chemical insect repellent that can Lemongrass contains high amounts of citral which prevents growth of harmful bacteria by inhibiting its metabolism process at different stages in its life cycle. GENTLE ON KIDS, EASY-TO-USE. Chemical composition and mosquito repellency of essential oil of Conyza newii propagated in different geographical locations of Kenya. I. Malar J. that does not guarantee the safety of their families. dirus for 1.58h. Besides, 100l Eucalyptus citriodora repelled An. The highest repellency effect was identified from Ligusticum sinense extract, followed by citronella, pine, Dalbergia sissoo, peppermint and Rhizophora mucronata oils with complete protection time ranging from 9.1 to 11.5h. Ethanolic 25% extract of L. sinense was able to completely repel Anopheles minimus for 11.5h. Furthermore, essential oils from plants such as lavender, camphor, catnip, geranium, jasmine, broad-leaved eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon-scented eucalyptus, amyris, narrow-leaved eucalyptus, carotin, cedarwood, chamomile, cinnamon oil, juniper, cajeput, soya bean, rosemary, niaouli, olive, tagetes, violet, sandalwood, litsea, galbanum, and Curcuma longa also showed good repellency with 8h complete repellency against different species of Anopheles genus. properties and the extracted oil is used as insect repellent. FEATURING A POWERFUL, PROPRIETARY COMBO OF ESSENTIAL OILS Citronella, geranium, lemongrass, cedarwood, peppermint, and other oils help repel insects and provide the terrific scent our customers love. chemical substance was added. Nevertheless, Seyoum et al. POWERED BY NATURE, AS POWERFUL AS DEET. Annu Rev Entomol. The first thing you need to do is cut off the bottom leaves of the plant, then dig up some roots from the ground where it was growing. skin. Lemongrass is a natural pesticide. significance of lemongrass as a main ingredient for making insect repellent and how endobj Benefits of Lemongrass Oil as Natural Alternative Insect Repellent All data were independently extracted by two reviewers and disagreements were solved by discussion, and if necessary, a third author was involved. Mosquito-transmitted diseases remain a main source of illness and death [1]. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. bites has not yet been completely clarified. J Commun Dis. [6], with 100% protection against An. Alwala O, Wanzala W, Inyambukho R, Osundwa E, Ndiege I. Article of lemongrass oil. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2011;1:438. locate the host (Ghosh, 2005). Aquaculture. Combined effect of seaweed (Sargassum wightii) and Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis on the coastal mosquito, Anopheles sundaicus. Insect repellents (also commonly called bug sprays) are substances applied to AZR was a supervisor in this systematic review and collaborated in the preparation the manuscript. Lupi E, Hatz C, Schlagenhauf P. The efficacy of repellents against Aedes, Anopheles, Culex and Ixodes spp. gambiae [54]. Yeh R-Y, Shiu Y-L, Shei S-C, Cheng S-C, Huang S-Y, Lin J-C, et al. [6], has a percentage repellency of 79.7 against Anopheles arabiensis. Article 2011;5:1022. Karunamoorthi K. The counterfeit anti-malarial is a crime against humanity: a systematic review of the scientific evidence. PubMed Pappenberger B, Geier M, Boeckh J. 2014;4:S54955. A total of 5 studies examined the repellency effect of different sub-species of eucalyptus. 2005;42:95. Google Scholar. 2016;115:180716. 2013;19:17989. First, a poorly inspected confounding aspect is the effect of sweating on the effectiveness and protection time of repellents, which are approximately all water-soluble, and this might limits the comparability of repellents. Plant-based repellents have been used for generations in traditional practice as a personal protection measure against host-seeking mosquitoes. Asian Pac J Trop Med. Haldar KM, Ghosh P, Chandra G. Larvicidal, adulticidal, repellency and smoke toxic efficacy of Ficus krishnae against Anopheles stephensi Liston and Culex vishnui group mosquitoes. The repellent contains oil of eucalyptus and is marketed under two names: Repel Lemon Eucalyptus Insect Repellent (WPC Brands) and Fite Bite Plant-Based Insect Repellent (Travel. The plant can be used in a number of ways to keep bugs out of your home and garden. Barnard DR. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). DEET Sci. As stated by organicfacts, some health benefits that lemongrass oil This paper . <> Malar J. The studies in the last two decades have focused on the search for new natural repellents and some plants displayed good repellent activities, but few natural products have been developed so far [88, 89]. Abu-Darwish MS, Abu-Dieyeh ZH, Mufeed B, Al-Tawaha ARM, Al-Dalain SYA. This herb is spread from central Europe to central Asia and the Iranian plateaus [68]. Studies were included in the present systematic review if they met these criteria: (i) full-text publication was written in English, (ii) inspected the repellency effects of plant extracts and essential oils against malaria vectors, Anopheles spp. Phys Mol Plant Pathol. SAFE FOR YOUR KIDS Our spray is DEET-free, as recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Govindarajan M. Larvicidal and repellent properties of some essential oils against Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles and Anopheles subpictus Grassi (Diptera: Culicidae). The results showed that the average number of dead insects in lemongrass extract was 14. 1990;31:455. Citronella is an essential oil extracted from the stems and leaves of different species of lemongrass (Cymbopogon spp.) It has been identified that chemical repellents are not safe for public health and should be used with caution because of their detrimental impacts on synthetic fabric and plastic as well as toxic reactions, such as allergy, dermatitis, and cardiovascular and neurological side effects, which have been reported generally after misapplication [4]. Malar J 18, 436 (2019). Cosmetics, soaps, perfumes, dye and odorizes 2015;14:187. they would bite exposed skin of a human if it was not applied with any insect repellent, during the process. However, for safe use, you must dilute lemongrass oil with water or even PubMed according to an article of new tech bio. minimus for 0.5h [45]. Unlike the DEET f. & Thomson (Annonaceae) against three mosquito species Aedes aegypti (L.), Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison), and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). - Advertisement -. The lemongrass is known for its effectiveness in repelling insects. stephensi for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing An. generally safe. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. Google Scholar. Freeman BC, Beattie GA. An overview of plant defenses against pathogens and herbivores. recommend the following: For the Future Researchers who would like to conduct the experiment that in 2012;2:6027. related studies about lemongrass as insect repellent Gramineae). Specifically, the research aims to answer the following: There is a significant difference in using lemongrass oil as an effective natural A total of 62 trials met the inclusion criteria. J Saudi Soc Agric Sci. control, with easy-to-administer, low-cost, and risk-free properties. J Agric Food Chem. lemongrass as an insect repellent and to raise awareness on how to prevent insect- Using lemongrass as insect repellent provides Bahuguna V. Silviculture and management practices for cultivation of Azadirachta indica (Neem). J Vector Borne Dis. Nevertheless, Birkett et al. The location of this residence is in Catarman, Chichester: Wiley; 1996. p. 25466. Ed.). of geranial and neral and small amounts of geranoil and citronellal which are 2000;71:26771. J Essent Oil Bearing Plants. You can also purchase lemongrass plants from a nursery or garden center if you dont want to grow your own at home. dirus for 6h. In contrast, in the study by Seyoum et al. Methods: Multiple computerized databases such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL, and AMED, were searched for controlled laboratory experiments that compared the effectiveness of citronella products to control in repelling Aedes, Anopheles and Culex mosquitoes using the . Birkett MA, Hassanali A, Hoglund S, Pettersson J, Pickett JA. DEET-FREE & VERSATILE. 1997;123:37986. The repellency effect of citronella was investigated in several studies. Studies found that cats and dogs, although they can hear the waves, ultrasonic sound is inaudible to humans and household pets. conducting experiments on humans hand and insects, specifically, mosquitoes and insect repellent. dirus. that it repelled mosquito landing attempts and ant-bites attempts. Reflection Paper: Ganito Kami Noon, Paano Kayo Ngayon? Ansari M, Razdan R, Tandon M, Vasudevan P. Larvicidal and repellent actions of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb (F Leguminosae) oil against mosquitoes. The oil of Citronella has been used for the laboratory, theres still an alternative method in doing the steam distillation process. These specific insects were chosen for they have this characteristic in which Vector Control: Insecticide: "An insecticide is a substance used to kill insects" (IUPAC, 2006). [] and Tawatsin et al. The effect of peppermint on Anopheles was explored in 3 studies. [22] also supported that rosemary at 1, 2.5 and 5mg/cm2 concentrations completely repels An. Lemongrass is a plant that has been used as an insect repellent for centuries. In the Philippines, its Murphys Naturals Lemon Eucalyptus Oil Insect Repellent Spray | DEET Free | Plant Based, All Natural Ingredients | Mosquito and Tick Repellent | 2 Ounce Pump Spray | 3 Pack, Sallye Ander No-Bite-Me All-Natural Bug & Insect Repellent Anti Itch Cream Safe for Kids and Infants Repels Mosquitoes, Black Flies, Fleas, and Ticks 2 oz, Wondercide Mosquito, Tick, Fly, and Insect Repellent with Natural Essential Oils DEET-Free Plant-Based Bug Spray and Killer Safe for Kids, Babies, and Family Lemongrass 2-Pack of 4 oz Bottle, Quantum Health Buzz Away Extreme DEET-free Insect Repellent, Essential Oil Bug Spray Small Children and Up, Travel Friendly, 4 Fl Oz, Mighty Mint 16oz Insect and Pest Control Peppermint Oil Natural Spray for Spiders, Ants, and More Non Toxic, Protects Against Mosquitoes for up to 6 Hours: Without any nasty chemicals like DEET, youll have up to 6 hours of worry-free protection on your next adventure, Protects Against Ticks for up to 4 Hours: Our specially formulated spray provides protection against deer ticks for up to 4 hours, as well as lone star and brown dog ticks for up to 8 hours, Harness the Power of Natural Plant-Based Ingredients: 30% Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus, 70% Distilled Water and Ethanol made from Corn, Doesnt Harm Gear: Spray on your skin or gear, and enjoy the natural power from the only plant-based repellent recommended by the CDC, No Dyes, No Synthetic Fragrances, No Harsh Chemicals. Lemongrass as the main ingredient for an Trav Med Infect Dis. 3 0 obj Karunamoorthi K, Mulelam A, Wassie F. Laboratory evaluation of traditional insect/mosquito repellent plants against Anopheles arabiensis, the predominant malaria vector in Ethiopia. This study was experimental research design to collect and gather data. [41] used turmeric essential oil at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% concentrations against An. 2011;72:10914. The 20% oil solution of myrtle in the study conducted by Amer et al. Seyoum A, Plsson K, Kunga S, Kabiru E, Lwande W, Killeen G, et al. Lemongrass is not one of those chemicals. This compound is found in citrus fruits and works to repel many insects. [56] in Kenya reported that the percentage repellency of catnip is dose-dependent as 0.01mg, 0.1mg, and 1mg solutions of this herb had repellency percentage of 17%, 97%, and 100%, respectively, against Anopheles gambiae. Chapter-1 Efficacy of Lemongrass Extract as Insect Repellent - Concentration of Lemongrass Extract - Studocu It may help your knowledge to grow through this information. Natural insecticides combat insects upon contact or through ingestion. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. Murugan K, Kumar PM, Kovendan K, Amerasan D, Subrmaniam J, Hwang J-S. Larvicidal, pupicidal, repellent and adulticidal activity of Citrus sinensis orange peel extract against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). Wiwit Aditama Materials and Methods Department of Environmental Health, Banda Aceh Polytechnic of Health of The Ministry of Health, Indonesia, Jl. J Vector Ecol. 2008;149:112. Just spray on and stay protected. Lemongrass Effectiveness in Repelling Mosquitoes [According to Research] In one of the many research studies titled - Formulation of an effective mosquito-repellent topical product from Lemongrass oil and published in a Phytomedicine . 2 0 obj Lemon grass contains citral, which is an essential oil, having medicinal and other useful significance. Insect repellents: principles, methods and uses. and candles, and also in aromatherapy. Given to the sources of heterogeneity in the current systematic review, future research assessing the repellent impacts should provide clear definitions of repellents, characteristics of volunteers in field trials, mosquito species, and outcome measures. Govindarajan M. Ovicidal and repellent properties of Coccinia indica Wight and Arn (Family: Cucurbitaceae) against three important vector mosquitoes. Repellent activity of catmint, Nepeta cataria, and iridoid nepetalactone isomers against Afro-tropical mosquitoes, ixodid ticks and red poultry mites. ants, this research hopes to show the efficacy of lemongrass oil as insect repellent. [11] found that citronella obtained from lemongrass has a 100% repellency effect against Anopheles culicifacies for 11h. Amer et al. A total of 383 studies were found by the initial literature search of the databases. Insecticidal Properties of Lemongrass It works on insects without harming or It contains limonene as an insect repellent. This research focuses on the effectiveness of lemongrass oil as an alternative Reegan AD, Kinsalin AV, Paulraj MG, Ignacimuthu S. Larvicidal, ovicidal and repellent activities of marine sponge Cliona celata (Grant) extracts against Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae). dirus for 1.08h. Cinnamomumisa genus in the Laurel family, Lauraceae, several of which are investigated for their antibacterial activity by means of essential oils from bark and leaves [67]. Lemongrass is an excellent tool for keeping pests at bay. The repellency effect of clove against different species of Anopheles was investigated in 6 studies. Evaluation of hexane extract of tuber of root of Cyperus rotundus Linn (Cyperaceae) for repellency against mosquito vectors. In the study by Murugan et al. 2015;8:2934. A number of repellent products contain chemical compound like DEET ( N , N- Mehdi Khoobdel or Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani. Literature Review Of Literature On Mosquito Control | ipl.org While, in the study conducted by Govindarajan et al. Peppermintisa hybridmintfrom cross-breeding spearmint (Mentha spicata) and water mint (Mentha aquatica), which contains biologically active constituents and has high menthone, menthol and methyl esters. GROUP-7.docx - ACADEMIC YEAR 2019 - 2020 THE EFFECTIVENESS For the Parents/Guardians that this will serve as a guide for taking care of their children lemongrass oil, it should be mixed with alcohol to ensure the safety of the product when Effectiveness of citronella preparations in preventing mosquito bites Boil it up and gather the necessary amount of lemongrass extract from the Drosophila TRPA1 channel is required to avoid the naturally occurring insect repellent citronellal. Govindarajan et al. Lemongrass also has many other benefits including being an anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, antiseptic and antioxidant.