We also need to be for something. 貧å°ã¯ãäººæ ¼ã®æ¬ å¦ãã§ã¯ãªããééã®æ¬ ä¹ãã§ãã . It's like Brad Pitt says in "Fight Club," "Too often we're working jobs we hate so we can buy shit we don't need.". ï¸è²§ãã人ã
ã¯èªæ¥èªå¾ã§è²§ãããªã£ã¦ããã¨æãæ¹ãããã£ããã ⦠Now, this is an incredible waste of human potential. Now, to give you an idea, that's comparable to losing a night's sleep or the effects of alcoholism. And if history teaches us anything, it is that things could be different. The basic income is not a favor, but a right. å¤ç¬ãç解ããããã®ãããªã²ã¼ã . We should stop sending shoes and teddy bears to the poor, to people we have never met. Nowadays, millions of people feel that their jobs have little meaning or significance. And its proponents have spanned the spectrum from the left to the right, from the civil rights campaigner, Martin Luther King, to the economist Milton Friedman. Evelyn Forget discovered that the people in Dauphin had not only become richer but also smarter and healthier. ã«ãã¬ã¼ã»ãã¬ã°ãã³. 貧å°ã¨ã¯ãäººæ ¼ã®æ¬ å¦ãã§ã¯ãªããééã®æ¬ ä¹ãã§ãã 以ä¸ã®è¨èã®ä¸ã«ãä¸äººã幸ç¦ã«ããæ¹çãé ããã¦ããããã«æãã¦ãªãã¾ããã 人㯠ééãç¡ãéããã¤ã¾ããçæ´»ã®ä¿éãç¡ãéãã幸ç¦ã«ã¯ãªããªã ã®ã§ãã I believe in a future where the point of education is not to prepare you for another useless job but for a life well-lived. I remembered reading about an old plan -- something that has been proposed by some of history's leading thinkers. But it's not enough. æè¿è¦ãTEDã®ã話ã ã«ãã¬ã¼ã»ãã¬ã°ãã³: 貧å°ã¯ãäººæ ¼ã®æ¬ å¦ãã§ã¯ãªããééã®æ¬ ä¹ãã§ãã | TED Talk 以ä¸ãå°è±¡ã«æ®ã£ãé¨åã®æç²ã§ãã Some of you may believe that the poor should be held responsible for their own mistakes. George Orwell,one of the greatest writers who ever lived, experienced poverty firsthand in the 1920s. Just look at the cost of child poverty in the US, for example. 貧å°ã¯ãäººæ ¼ã®æ¬ å¦ãã§ã¯ãªããééã®æ¬ ä¹ãã§ãã . ãã¦ãããããæ©ã確ããããæ°ã¥ãããµã¤ããç®æãã¦ãã¾ãã 37465 0:37 - 0:41 çããã¯ã¾ã ããã¾ã§ ããããã¾ãªç©è¨ãã¯ããªãã§ããã ¶. TED動画紹介の第一弾として、「ルドガー・ブレグマン:貧困は「人格の欠如」ではなく「金銭の欠乏」である」を取り上げます。今回の動画は貧困についての考え方を改めるきっかけとなる動画でした。「なぜ貧しい人が思慮のない選択ばかりするのか」というシンプルな問いかけではあるのですが、私たちの貧困層の人に対する思い込みを切り崩すパワーを持っています。, TEDページはこちら スピーカー ルドガー・ブレグマン 歴史家「Utopia for Realists: How We Can Build the Ideal World」の著者, ここでいう思慮のない選択とは、将来を見据えない浪費、借金、極めて低い貯金額、アルコール中毒、ギャンブルや喫煙依存などの悪い習慣を誘発してしまう選択のことで、貧困層ほどこうした選択を選びやすく、食生活も不健全になりがちになります。多くの人は貧困層の人々を思い浮かべると本人の自己責任であると考えがちですし、貧しい人自身も貧困が自分の人格の問題だとして自分を責める傾向があります。イギリスの首相サッチャーは貧困問題について「人格の欠如」とまで言い放ちました。では、本人に何か原因があるのでしょうか?本当に本人の人格に問題があるから貧困になるのでしょうか?, ルドガーさんによれば、実は本人の人格が問題ではなく、金銭の問題が貧困に一番影響していると言います。貧しいほど、知能水準は低下するという驚きの研究があります。, これはアメリカの心理学者によって行われた研究で、サトウキビ農家に関するものです。収穫期の前と後で知能を測る実験が行われました。サトウキビ農家は1年の収入の60%を収穫の直後に回収するため、一年の中で貧乏な時期と裕福な時期があります。その研究では知能テストを収穫の前後に受けてもらったのですが、結果は収穫前の比較的貧しい時のほうが収穫後よりもずっと成績が低かったのでした。, 貧困の心理(Scarcity mentality)がここでキーワードとしてあげられます。貧困の心理とは、目の前の不足に注目してしまい、先のことが考えられなくなることを言います。これは何もお金に限ったものではなく、時間、お金、食べ物などありとあらゆるものにあてはまります。, 私たちも考えてみれば、連日仕事詰めで心に余裕がないとダイエットをしているにも関わらずストレス解消のためにコンビニで甘いものを買ってしまったり、自分の将来のことを考え行動するのではなく、ギャンブルやアルコール、ソシャゲのガチャなどの短期的なストレス解消法を選んでしまいがちになります。「空腹な状態になったときには、目の前のサンドウィッチのことしか考えられなくなる」とにかく目の前の不足を埋めることに人は必死となります。今に余裕が無いために、未来を見据えた行動が出来なくなってしまうのは恐ろしいですね。, 後半では基礎所得保障、ベーシックインカム導入の話になります。カナダのドーファンという小さな町でかつて基礎所得保障が実行され、貧困対策に大きな成果がでたそうです。, ・財産が増えた上に、知能も向上した。 ・仕事をやめる確率も下がった。 ・教育を受ける期間が延びた。, 働かなくても貰える最低限の基礎所得があるからこそ、人は余裕を持って未来を見据えて行動でき、結果的に貧困の根本的な解決になったのです。, この動画で私は「貧すれば鈍する」ということわざの通りのことが実際に起こっていることを知りました。貧困問題は単純に物資を送ればいいのではなく、安定的な蓄えをもたらさなければいけないのです。対症療法的な一時的な解決策ではなく、長期的な視野や考え方、行動ができるようにしていかなくては貧困の問題は容易に解決しないのです。, ルドガーさんが引用したジョージオーウェルの「貧困の本質とは、未来を握りつぶすもの」という言葉の通り、貧困とは人格の欠如ではなく、金銭の欠乏の問題なのです。彼の著書である「隷属なき道」も今度レビューを書こうと思います。, poor decision 貧しい判断、愚かな判断 summed up 端的に表現する personality defect 人格の問題 blunt 直球な、ぶっきらぼうな completely blew my mind 完全に度肝を抜かれた harvest 収穫 dumb decisions 愚かな選択 dumb 愚かな perplexed 困惑した annihilates 全滅させる、無効にする→握りつぶす、だめにする。 marveled 驚き preach at ~ ~に説教する。 resonant 反響する、響き渡っている。 next to ~ ほとんど~ eradicate 根こそぎにする、撲滅する、根絶する brand of left-wing politics 左翼的な政策 got in うまくいく old-fashioned 古くさい、古風な(文脈によりネガティブにもポジティブにもなる中立な響き) leftist 社会主義的な thinkers 思想家たち basic income 基礎所得保障 mostly because たいていの場合 proponents 支持者たち civil rights campaigner 市民権運動家 unconditional 無条件な stigma 不名誉 descended 押しかけていった。 resounding 目覚ましい、顕著な paternalistic bureaucrats 保護者的(温情主義的)な役人たち withering しおれさせる、萎縮させる unleash 靴紐を外す、自由にする、解き放つ elephant 象のことだが、意訳で大きな難題の意として話されている net cost 実費 impoverished 貧しい nudges 後押しする、そっと突く resume 経歴 transactor トランザクター(クレジットカードを単なる支払い手段とする顧客) disruptive 崩壊的な、破壊的な→革新的な lamented 嘆き悲しむ status quo そのままの状態、現状 xenophobia 外国人嫌い、恐怖症、他人恐怖, 「より良く創造的に生きること」をテーマに心理学や読書のまとめと要約、ゲームレビューやアート・デザインに関する知識を知的好奇心の赴くままにまとめています。, 【アートブックレビュー】「ソッカの美術解剖学ノート」 入門書として最高の一冊。しかし、欠点も。, 【やり方図説】iPod Classicを改造して大容量化 iFlash-Quadを導入し、microSDカードを装着する方法【ipod ssd 換装】, 七つの大罪(Seven deadly sins)とは 【保存版 7つの大罪まとめ】, 人は誰でも同調圧力に屈する アッシュの同調実験 Asch conformity experiments, Switchのジョイコン不具合を自分で修理。勝手に動いたり暴走する誤動作を治す方法。, PS3が故障したので別のPS3にSSD換装とデータの移動とそのやり方。【お勧めssdの選び方詳細図説】, 【書評と要約】幸福になりたいなら幸福になろうとしてはいけない ラス・ハリス 感情や思考から距離を置き、価値ある行動を実践していくために, ジャンプ流vol.3尾田栄一郎 ONEPIECE -ワンピース- 創作の秘宝がこの中に! まとめ, 【保存版】過去作ポケモンの引っ越し移動方法総まとめ 無限入手ジラーチ(WISHMKR)、セレビィ(アゲト)も最新作へ. Because, I mean, the great thing about money is that people can use it to buy things they need instead of things that self-appointed experts think they need. What they did in Dauphin is finance it with a negative income tax. Well, the standard explanation was once summed up by the British Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher. Investments in education, for example, are often completely ineffective. And it was an experiment with sugarcane farmers. Now, more than 500 years after Thomas More first wrote about a basic income, and 100 years after George Orwell discovered the true nature of poverty, we all need to change our worldview, because poverty is not a lack of character. Now, don't get me wrong -- this is not to say the poor don't learn anything -- they can come out wiser for sure. This story starts in Dauphin, Canada. They're not making dumb decisions because they are dumb, but because they're living in a context in which anyone would make dumb decisions. 貧å°ã¯ãäººæ ¼ã®æ¬ å¦ãã§ã¯ãªããééã®æ¬ ä¹ãã§ãã . ä¸ã®ä¸ã¯å
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¬å¹³ã§ã¯ãªã. So I wonder: Why don't we just change the context in which the poor live? Imagine how much energy and talent we would unleash if we got rid of poverty once and for all. What they subsequently discovered completely blew my mind. Here we are. Similar results have since been found in countless other experiments around the globe, from the US to India. Eventually, it freezes -- not because it's a bad computer, but because it has too much to do at once. Now, that should be our goal. You could actually eradicate poverty. But it's not enough to know what we're against. The only ones who worked a little less were new mothers and students -- who stayed in school longer. "The essence of poverty," he wrote back then, is that it "annihilates the future." Filmed: 2017-04-24. And what that thing is doesn't much matter -- whether it's not enough time, money or food. The farmers scored much worse on the test before the harvest. 貧å°ããã®äººãæ²é¬±ã«ãããã®ã§ããã§ãããã貧å°è
ã®ææ¸ã¯ãä»äºãæãããã¨ã§ã¯ãªããåºç¤æå¾ãä¿éããã社ä¼çæ¯æ§æã«ãã£ã¦ãããªãããã®ã§ãã Rutger Bregman: 貧å°ã¯ãäººæ ¼ã®æ¬ å¦ãã§ã¯ãªããééã®æ¬ ä¹ãã§ãã | TED Talk | TED.com And it's an incredibly simple idea: basic income guarantee. And in that sense, it will not only free the poor, but also the rest of us. ï¸è²§ãã人ã
⦠Poverty is not a lack of knowledge. Just imagine again how much talent we're wasting, simply because we tell our kids they'll have to "earn a living." And in that scenario, according to our economists' best estimates, for a net cost of 175 billion -- a quarter of US military spending,one percent of GDP -- you could lift all impoverished Americans above the poverty line. In 1974, everybody in this small town was guaranteed a basic income, ensuring that no one fell below the poverty line. You mean you want to just hand out more money to the poor to eradicate poverty. Why? 貧å°ã¯ãäººæ ¼ã®æ¬ å¦ãã§ã¯ãªããééã®æ¬ ä¹ãã§ãã ... ã¤ã¾ã äººæ ¼ã®æ¬ å¦ã§ããã®ã 㨠¶. Uh, sure, that'd be great. Actually, I realized I had read about the psychology of poverty before. I mean, these psychologists didn't need any complicated brain scans; they only had to measure the farmer's IQ, and IQ tests were invented more than 100 years ago. A recent poll among 230,000 employees in 142 countries found that only 13 percent of workers actually like their job. And I can sum it up in just two words: scarcity mentality. And I think that especially in the past few years, it has become abundantly clear that we can not stick to the status quo -- that we need new ideas. And another poll found that as much as 37 percent of British workers have a job that they think doesn't even need to exist. But then ... nearly everyone forgot about it. For three years, she subjected the data to all manner of statistical analysis, and no matter what she tried, the results were the same every time: the experiment had been a resounding success. So when it became clear there was no money left to analyze the results, the researchers decided to pack their files away in some 2,000 boxes. But the idea that there's something wrong with the poor themselves is not restricted to Mrs. Thatcher. At that point, Professor Shafir responded with a blank look. It was only a few years ago that I discovered that everything I thought I knew about poverty was wrong. ã«ãã¬ã¼ã»ãã¬ã°ãã³: 貧å°ã¯ãäººæ ¼ã®æ¬ å¦ãã§ã¯ãªããééã®æ¬ ä¹ãã§ãã | TED Talk ä¸ã®ä¸ ã«ãã´ãªã¼ã®å¤æ´ãä¾é ¼ è¨äºå
: www.ted.com Ideas can and do change the world. Twenty-five years went by, and then Evelyn Forget, a Canadian professor, found the records. ã«ãã¬ã¼ã»ãã¬ã°ãã³. You could compare it to a new computer that's running 10 heavy programs at once. Or something like that. 貧å°ã¯ãäººæ ¼ã®æ¬ å¦ãã§ã¯ãªããééã®æ¬ ä¹ãã§ãã. Or, going back to our computer analogy: Why keep tinkering around with the software when we can easily solve the problem by installing some extra memory instead? ×826ã«ãã¬ã¼ã»ãã¬ã°ãã³: 貧å°ã¯ãäººæ ¼ã®æ¬ å¦ãã§ã¯ãªããééã®æ¬ ä¹ãã§ãã ï¼TEDï¼ - Yahoo!ãã¥ã¼ã¹×25ãã¤ã¯ãã½ãããWindows 10ã«æ©æ¢°å¦ç¿ã®å®è¡ç°å¢ã¨APIãåãããWindows MLãæè¼ã¸ãWindowsãå¦ç¿æ¸ã¿ã¢ãã«ã®å®è¡ãã©ãããã©ã¼ã ã« ï¼ Publickey×23就活ã¹ã¿â¦ It all started when I accidentally stumbled upon a paper by a few American psychologists. æè¿è¦ãTEDã®ã話ã ã«ãã¬ã¼ã»ãã¬ã°ãã³: 貧å°ã¯ãäººæ ¼ã®æ¬ å¦ãã§ã¯ãªããééã®æ¬ ä¹ãã§ãã | TED Talk 以ä¸ãå°è±¡ã«æ®ã£ãé¨åã®æç²ã§ãã Some of you may believe that the poor should be held responsible for their own mistakes. 3,031,569 views ãã¢ã¤ãã¢ã¯ä¸çãå¤ããããããå®éã«å¤ãããã§ããã¨è¨ãæ´å²å®¶ã®ã«ããã¼ã»ãã¬ããã³ãç©è°ãããããåºç¤æå¾ã®ä¿éãã¨ãã主張ãå±éãããã®ã¢ ⦠These solutions are, I think, a symbol of this era in which we so often treat the symptoms, but ignore the underlying cause. ®æ¡å¤§ç¤¾ä¼ãæä½è³éãæ´¾é£å´åãéæ£è¦éç¨ãæ´ã«ã¯è²§å°ãå°åååé¡çã
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ã ããã ã«ãã¬ã¼ã»ãã¬ã°ãã³: 貧å°ã¯ãäººæ ¼ã®æ¬ å¦ãã§ã¯ãªããééã®æ¬ ä¹ãã§ãã ï¼TEDï¼ - Yahoo!ãã¥ã¼ã¹ ãã¢ã¤ãã¢ã¯ä¸çãå¤ããããããå®éã«å¤ãããã§ããã¨è¨ãæ´å²å®¶ã®ã«ãã¬ã¼ã»ã㬠Now, those words are every bit as resonant today. I'd like to start with a simple question: Why do the poor make so many poor decisions? It's completely unconditional, so no one's going to tell you what you have to do for it, and no one's going to tell you what you have to do with it. Just imagine how many brilliant scientists and entrepreneurs and writers, like George Orwell, are now withering away in scarcity. I really believe that the time has come for radical new ideas, and basic income is so much more than just another policy. ãã¯ã¿ã¼ãºã²ã¼ãããããã³ã³ãã³ã. They had traveled 8,000 miles, all the way to India, for a fascinating study. If we could just change them, if we could just teach them how to live their lives, if they would only listen.
なんばパークスシネマ 前売り券 買い方,
懸賞 大量 当選 その 場,
豊中市 人口 ランキング,
Bf3 Oet2 反応機構,
関西大学 授業料減免 コロナ,
海色ダイアリー 試し 読み,
下北沢 一 番 街 フレンチ,
夏目友人帳 特別編 夢幻のかけら,
時短 料理 主婦,
ジャニーズ 身長 平均,